📋 Workflow
Full workflow, products add-to-cart directly1
Prepare starting material
30 minChoose an inexpensive starting material; dry/purify and confirm grade and purity.
💡 Tip High-purity commodity feedstocks cut cost
⚠️ Caution Expired/damp feedstock lowers yield
🧪 Materials for this step (click to shop by spec/brand)
2
Functional-group transformation
2–4 hRun esterification, halogenation, oxidation, or reduction to install the needed group.
💡 Tip Plan the shortest retrosynthetic route
⚠️ Caution Control temperature when using strong oxidants/reductants
🧪 Materials for this step (click to shop by spec/brand)
3
Purify the intermediate
1–2 hPurify by extraction, column, or distillation to obtain a clean intermediate.
💡 Tip Clean intermediate raises next-step yield
⚠️ Caution Avoid over-evaporating thermally labile intermediates
🧪 Materials for this step (click to shop by spec/brand)
4
Characterize and store
40 minConfirm structure by NMR/MS, weigh, and store under inert/dry conditions for later use.
💡 Tip Store light-sensitive intermediates in the dark
⚠️ Caution Some need cold storage to avoid degradation
🧪 Materials for this step (click to shop by spec/brand)
⚠️ 5 Common Beginner Mistakes
- ① Ignoring retrosynthesis makes long routes
- ② Labile intermediate degrades on storage
- ③ Impure intermediate carries into next step
- ④ Unexpected group damage misaligns structure
- ⑤ Poor storage causes damp/oxidation
❓ FAQ
+Plan a route?
Retrosynthetically disconnect key bonds to cheap, available starters.
+Required intermediate purity?
>90% is common; stricter steps need more.
+Batch size?
Make just enough to avoid long-term decomposition.