🏠 Home / By Experiment / Water Quality / microbial indicators 中文 EN
🦠 Water Quality · Method

microbial indicators

Water coliform count
🎯 Difficulty ★★☆ Medium Duration About 48 h 🎯 Use Determination of total count, total coliforms and E. coli in drinking water and water bodies
📖 Principle
Microbes grow on selective media to form countable colonies
Below are 5 steps. Open each to see how to do it and add products to your shared list.

📋 Workflow

Full workflow, products add-to-cart directly
1

Media preparation

30 min
Prepare and sterilize plate count agar and selective media
💡 Tip Autoclave at 121°C for 15 min
⚠️ Caution Aseptic technique to avoid contamination
🧪 Materials for this step (click to shop by spec/brand)
2

Sampling & dilution

20 min
Aseptically collect the water sample and make ten-fold serial dilutions
💡 Tip Refrigerate and test promptly
⚠️ Caution Freshly prepare dilution water
🧪 Materials for this step (click to shop by spec/brand)
3

Inoculation & incubation

48 h
Inoculate sample onto media and incubate at 36±1°C for 24-48 h
💡 Tip Use pour plate or spread plate
⚠️ Caution Include blank to verify sterility
🧪 Materials for this step (click to shop by spec/brand)
4

Colony counting

30 min
Count colonies on plates with a colony counter
💡 Tip Count plates with 30–300 colonies
⚠️ Caution Distinguish typical vs atypical colonies
🧪 Materials for this step (click to shop by spec/brand)
5

Calculation & report

20 min
Calculate count per dilution and report against the limit
💡 Tip Express as CFU/mL or CFU/100mL
⚠️ Caution Check dilution factor
🧪 Materials for this step (click to shop by spec/brand)

⚠️ 5 Common Beginner Mistakes

  • Improperly sterilized media contaminating results
  • Inaccurate dilution affecting count
  • Improper incubation temperature/time
  • Sample held too long allowing growth
  • Overlapping colonies hard to count

❓ FAQ

+Total count vs coliforms?
Total reflects overall load; coliforms reflect fecal contamination.
+How soon to test?
Test within 6 h under refrigeration.
+Why count 30-300?
This range gives most accurate counts.

🧾 My Cart

Items selected on the product page are shared here
Nothing added yet
🛒 Go to Products
Data authenticity: Product categories from JW Supply Chain standard taxonomy; method→step→product connected. Last updated: 2026-08-23 · v3.0